1. Plan and Mark Out the Area
• Decide the patio location and size.
• Mark the outline using string, spray paint, or a hose, extending the marked area about 200 mm beyond the finished patio edge to allow for working space and edging.
2. Excavate
• Remove grass, soil, and debris to a depth of about 200 mm (8 inches) below the intended finished surface.
• Ensure the base slopes away from buildings for drainage (usually a fall of 1:60).
3. Prepare and Lay the Sub-base
• Add a layer of compacted sub-base material, about 150 mm (6 inches) thick.
• Compact the sub-base thoroughly with a plate compactor to create a stable foundation.
4. Add Bedding Layer
• Spread a layer of sharp sand or a mortar mix (4 parts sharp sand to 1 part cement) to a thickness of about 50 mm (2 inches).
• Level and compact the bedding layer. If using mortar, it should be firm and not runny.
5. Lay the Paving Slabs
• Place each slab onto the prepared bed, leaving a consistent gap (joint) between slabs for jointing material.
• Tap slabs gently with a rubber mallet to set them in place and ensure they are level with the required slope.
• Use a spirit level to check both level and fall for drainage.
6. Allow to Set
• Let the slabs set undisturbed for at least 24 hours so the mortar or bedding can cure properly.
7. Fill the Joints
• Sweep kiln-dried sand or a suitable jointing compound into the joints between slabs.
• For mortar joints, use a pointing trowel to fill and smooth the gaps.
• Dampen the area if using a wet jointing compound, and brush off excess material once joints are filled.
8. Optional: Seal the Surface
• Apply a suitable sealer if desired, especially for natural stone or concrete slabs, to protect against stains and weathering.
Tools & Materials Needed
• Shovel, rake, wheelbarrow
• Plate compactor
• Spirit level, rubber mallet, string line
• Sub-base material (crushed stone)
• Sharp sand or mortar mix
• Paving slabs
• Jointing sand or compound
Key Tips
• Always maintain a gentle slope for drainage.
• Compact each layer thoroughly.
• Double-check levels and alignment as you go.
Disclaimer: The installation steps provided are recommendations based on our experience as paving material suppliers. We do not offer professional installation services and disclaimers apply. We strongly advise consulting additional technical resources—such as reputable installation guides—before proceeding.
